UNIDAD 1
DETERMINANTES
DEMOSTRATIVOS
THIS: se refiere a una
cosa, persona o situación cercana en el tiempo o en el espacio de la persona
que habla.
THESE: se refiere a
cosas, personas o situaciones cercanas en el tiempo o en el espacio de la
persona que habla.
THAT: se refiere a una
cosa, persona o situación distante en el tiempo o en el espacio de la persona
que habla.
THOSE: se refiere cosas,
personas o situaciones distantes en el tiempo o en el espacio de la persona que
habla.
This chair is light. Esta silla es liviana.
This book is heavy. Este libro es pesado.
That chair is light. Esa silla es liviana.
That book is heavy. Ese libro es pesado.
These chairs are light. Estas sillas son
livianas.
These books are heavy. Estos libros son pesados.
Those chairs are light. Esas sillas son
livianas.
Those books are heavy. Esos libros son pesados.
Ejercicio 1
Usar el concepto entre
paréntesis para elegir el determinante que corresponde:
1 ....... bicycle is
expensive. (singular cercano)
2 ....... apple is green. (singular
cercano)
3 ....... bicycles are expensive.
(plural lejano)
4 ....... apples are green. (plural
lejano)
5 ....... oranges are sweet. (plural
lejano)
6 ....... bicycles are expensive.
(plural cercano)
7 ....... orange is sweet. (singular
lejano)
8 ....... house is beautiful. (singular
lejano)
9 ....... woman is young. (singular
cercano)
10
....... lamp is new. (singular lejano)
11
....... door is old. (singular lejano)
12
....... window is
dirty. (singular lejano)
13
....... dogs are
intelligent. (plural lejano)
14
....... windows are
dirty. (plural cercano)
15
....... clocks are
round. (plural cercano)
16
....... shirts are
ugly. (plural cercano)
17
....... cats are
black. (plural lejano)
18
....... lamps are new. (plural lejano)
19
....... doors are old. (plural lejano)
20
....... cat is black. (singular cercano)
21
....... houses are
beautiful. (plural cercano)
22
....... men are happy. (plural lejano)
23
....... dog is
intelligent. (singular lejano)
24
....... clock is
round. (singular cercano)
25
....... shirt is ugly. (singular lejano)
26
....... women are
young. (plural lejano)
27
....... clock is
round. (singular lejano)
28
....... man is happy. (singular cercano)
29
....... dog is
intelligent. (singular cercano)
30
....... car is red. (singular lejano)
31
…… cars are red. (plural cercano)
PRESENTE SIMPLE
Tabla de formación
En el presente simple,
se agrega s a la 3º persona singular.
|
Afirmación |
Negación |
Interrogación |
|
I play |
I do not play |
Do I play? |
|
You play |
You do not play |
Do you play? |
|
He plays |
He does not play |
Does he play? |
|
She plays |
She does not play |
Does she play? |
|
It plays |
It does not play |
Does it play? |
|
We play |
We do not play |
Do we play? |
|
They play |
They do not play |
Do they play? |
Ortografía
Adicionalmente a la
regla general de agregar s a la 3º
persona singular, se deben tomar en cuenta los siguientes casos:
1.- Los verbos
terminados en consonante + y, cambian la y por –ies.
fly >
flies
deny >
denies
try >
tries
specify >
specifies
spy >
spies
2.- Los verbos
terminados en –o agregan –es al final.
do >
does
go >
goes
veto >
vetoes
echo >
echoes
3.- Los verbos
terminados en –s, –x, –z, –ch, –sh, agregan –es al final.
miss >
misses
rush > rushes
watch > watches
buzz > buzzes
relax > relaxes
Usos
• Se usa para hablar
de situaciones permanentes las cuales suponemos no cambiarán y para referirse a
realidades inmutables.
I live in Chile. Yo vivo en Chile.
She works in a hotel. Ella trabaja en un
hotel.
He doesn’t eat meat. Él no come carne.
Peter doesn’t live in Spain. Peter no vive en
España.
Do you smoke? ¿Fumas?
Do you speak English? ¿Hablas inglés?
• Sirve para hablar de
acciones que ocurren habitualmente.
We study English every day. Nosotros estudiamos
inglés todos los días.
I go to the cinema once a week. Yo voy al cine una vez
a la semana.
• Se usa con verbos
relacionados con estados.
I believe in God. Yo creo en Dios.
I want a new bicycle. Yo quiero una nueva
bicicleta.
• Se usa para
referirse a eventos futuros prefijados e inamovibles que forman parte de un
programa.
The train leaves at 10.00. El tren parte a las
10.00.
The concert starts at 8.00. El concierto comienza a
las 8.00.
Ejercicio 2
Elegir a cuál de los
siguientes usos corresponde cada una de las siguientes oraciones:
situación
permanente verbo de estado acción habitual eventos prefijados
1
I speak Spanish.
.....................
2
He likes coffee. .....................
3 He wears a hat every day. .....................
4 The next meeting is on July 7th. .....................
5 The match begins at 6.00 pm. .....................
6 I play tennis every day. .....................
7 Susan watches TV every day. .....................
8
She teaches
mathemathics. .....................
9 I like classical music. .....................
10
I learn quickly. .....................
11
The sun sets in the
west. .....................
12
She never comes late.
.....................
13
He always washes his
car on Sundays......................
14
Water boils at 100
degrees Celsius. .....................
15
I don’t speak French.
.....................
16
He reads the newspaper
every morning. .....................
17
I don’t watch TV very
often. .....................
18
Jane doesn’t like music.
.....................
19
I don’t smoke. .....................
20
You don’t sing very
well. .....................
21
He reads the newspaper
every morning. .....................
22
I don’t like Jane......................
23
I don’t watch TV very
often. .....................
24
We don’t go shopping
very often. .....................
25
She doesn’t work very
hard. .....................
26
I am away on holiday
next week. .....................
27
Our plane leaves at
8.00 o’clock. .....................
28
My brother doesn’t go
to work by train. .....................
29
Do you live in
Australia? .....................
30
Do you want to be
famous? .....................
31
Do you like your new
job? .....................
32
We don’t go to the
cinema very often. .....................
33
Do you know the
answer? .....................
34
The course starts in
May. .....................
35
I miss my family.
.....................
36
I hate this place. .....................
37
I remember that day.
.....................
38
I don’t tolerate his
attitude. .....................
39
I agree with you.
.....................
40
I think you are right.
.....................
UNIDAD 2
TO BE
Tabla de formación
|
Afirmación |
Negación |
Interrogación |
|
I am happy |
I am not happy |
Am I happy? |
|
You are happy |
You are not happy |
Are you happy? |
|
He is happy |
He is not happy |
Is he happy? |
|
She is happy |
She is not happy |
Is she happy? |
|
It is happy |
It is not happy |
Is it happy? |
|
We are happy |
We are not happy |
Are we happy? |
|
They are happy |
They are not happy |
Are they happy? |
Definición
Este verbo se refiere
al estado en que se encuentra una persona, cosa o situación; a las
características o cualidades de éstas; a la permanencia o existencia en un
determinado lugar.
I am intelligent. Soy inteligente.
I am twenty years old. Tengo veinte años de edad.
You are not shy. Tú no eres timido.
He is not strong. Él no es fuerte.
Are you hungry? ¿Tienes hambre?
Are you married? ¿Estás casado?
Se utiliza para hablar
de profesiones, en este caso se agrega a/an
cuando es singular.
I am a lawyer. Soy abogado.
I am an engineer. Soy ingeniero.
TO HAVE / TO HAVE GOT
Tabla de formación
|
Afirmación |
Negación |
Interrogación |
|
I have got a dog |
I have not got a dog
|
Have I got a dog? |
|
You have got a dog |
You have not got a dog |
Have you got a dog? |
|
He has got a dog |
He has not got a dog |
Has he got a dog? |
|
She has got a dog |
She has not got a dog |
Has she got a dog? |
|
It has got a dog |
It has not got a dog |
Has it got a dog? |
|
We have got a dog |
We have not got a dog |
Have we got a dog? |
|
They have got a dog |
They have not got a dog |
Have they got a dog? |
|
Afirmación |
Negación |
Interrogación |
|
I have a cat |
I do not have a cat
|
Do I have a cat? |
|
You have a cat |
You do not have a cat |
Do you have a cat? |