UNIDAD 35

 

CUANTIFICADORES IV

 

NONE: conlleva el significado de not one (personas y cosas) / not any.

None of my friends are married.       Ninguno de mis amigos está casado.

None of the children were awake.       Ninguno de los niños estaba despierto.

How much time have we got? None.       ¿Cuánto tiempo tenemos? Nada.

 

NO: conlleva el significado de not one / not a / not any.

He has no money.       Él no tiene dinero.

There’s no other way to do it.       No hay otra forma de hacerlo.

No road is completely safe.       Ningún camino es completamente seguro.

No politician will do this in public.       Ningún político hará esto en público.

 

Ejercicio 1

Colocar no o none donde corresponda:

      1      How many brothers have you got? ..........

      2      ......... doctor can save her now.

      3      ......... wine tastes good in plastic glasses.

      4      I’ve got ......... friends.

      5      How may mistakes did you make? ..........

      6      How much sugar do you want? ..........

      7      Who he was, ......... could tell.

      8      There’s ......... sugar in your coffee.

      9      Carol has ......... free time.

  10      I was hungry and you gave me ......... food.

  11      ......... of the people I met spoke English.

  12      Some things are so simple that they need ......... explanation.

  13      ......... of the students are here.

  14      We will drink ......... wine.

  15      There was ......... hope.

  16      ......... of these shirts are clean.

  17      ......... of these people are innocent.

  18      ......... soldiers were hurt in either raid.

  19      There were a number of reported sightings, but ......... could be confirmed.

  20      He was our leader and ......... can replace him.

  21      Of the 12 participants ......... was young.

  22      ......... dogs are allowed on the beach.

  23      ......... sugar is added to this apple juice.

 

EACH: se usa para hablar de cada una de las cosas o personas en un grupo de dos o más pensando en ellos en forma individual.

We must plan what each will do.       Debemos planear lo que cada uno hará.

Each day of our lives is different.       Cada día de nuestras vidas es diferente.

The priest put a crown on the head of each.       El sacerdote puso una corona sobre la cabeza de cada uno.

I gave them each a copy to read in the library.       Les dimos a cada uno una copia para leer en la biblioteca.

It was wonderful to see the pride of each student.       Fue maravilloso ver el orgullo de cada estudiante.

 

Ejercicio 2

Ordenar las siguientes oraciones:

      1      The each study results of be sent by must e-mail. ...........................

      2      Each praised for his soldier was bravery. ...........................

      3      I each will ask to read an you article. ...........................

      4      He gave to us a each of medal. ...........................

      5      each of He revised the stones of these men. ...........................

      6      Each of is going to the girls the cinema. ...........................

      7      Each member of be a lawyer by the council should profession. ...........................

      8      has its own Each room telephone. ...........................

      9      The hands king shook with each guest. ...........................

  10      When in position, he they were each gave the signal. ...........................

  11      In explosions many were each of the injured. ...........................

  12      They each to say had something of her. ...........................

 

EVERY: con sustantivos singular contables se refiere a todas las cosas o personas de un grupo. También se utiliza para hablar de eventos que ocurren en forma regular.

Every room has its own bathroom.       Cada pieza tiene su propio baño.

I go to the dentist every six months.       Voy al dentista cada seis meses.

My father gets up at six every morning.       Mi padre se levanta a las seis todas las mañanas.

 

Ejercicio 3

Reescribir las oraciones y colocar every donde corresponda:

      1      They go to Italy summer. ...........................

      2      house is painted white. ...........................

      3      student in the class passed the exam. ...........................

      4      He watches TV evening. ...........................

      5      I buy a newspaper day. ...........................

      6      athlete has suffered an injury. ...........................

      7      hotel has been inspected. ...........................

 

UNIDAD 36

 

LET’S

Muestra una invitación a hacer algo, o animar a alguien a hacer algo.

Let’s go home early.       Vamos a casa temprano.

Let’s forget our differences.       Olvidemos nuestras diferencias.

Let’s not stay at that hotel.       No nos quedemos en ese hotel.

Let’s not play in the garden.       No juguemos en el jardín.

 

Ejercicio 1

Elegir la alternativa contextual más adecuada para cada una de las oraciones listadas en número.

 

      1      Quiero estar sobrio.

     A      Let’s study tomorrow morning.

      2      Phil nos invitó a todos.

      B      Let’s go to Phil’s party.

      3      Todos lo ejecutivos están aquí.

     C      Let’s practice English.

      4      Mejor veamos películas en casa.

     D      Let’s begin the meeting.

      5      Estoy cansado.

      E      Let’s play golf.

      6      Vamos al club de golf.

      F      Let’s stay at the hotel.

      7      Mañana en la mañana estoy ocupado.

     G      Let’s not go to the cinema.

      8      Mañana en la mañana estaría bien.

     H      Let’s not study tomorrow morning.

      9      Me duelen los pies.

       I      Let’s not go for a walk.

  10      El lunes es el examen de inglés.

       J      Let’s not drink tonight.

 

PRESENTE PERFECTO CONTINUO

 

Tabla de formación.

 

Afirmación

Negación

Interrogación

I have been playing

I have not been playing

Have I been playing?

You have been playing

You have not been playing

Have you been playing?

He has been playing

He has not been playing

Has he been playing?

She has been playing

She has not been playing

Has she been playing?

It has been playing

It has not been playing

Has it been playing?

We have been playing

We have not been playing

Have we been playing?

They have been playing

They have not been playing

Have they been playing?

 

Usos

• Se usa para hablar de acciones en desarrollo que han estado sucediendo desde un momento en el pasado y que pueden o no haber terminado.

It has been raining for hours.       Ha estado lloviendo por horas.

She has been waiting for you all day.       Ella ha estado esperando por tí todo el día.

 

Ejercicio 2

Escribir las siguientes oraciones en presente perfecto continuo usando el verbo entregado:

      1      They  ........................... since October.       (travel)

      2      I  ........................... for two hours.        (read)

      3      He  ........................... in Rome since January.        (live)

      4      Susan  ........................... well for two weeks.        (feel)

      5      I  ........................... English for five years.        (study)

      6      They  ........................... to have a baby for years.        (try)

      7      I  ........................... on this report since 8.00.        (work)

      8      Mary  ........................... too much TV lately.        (watch)

 

PASADO PERFECTO CONTINUO

 

Tabla de formación.

 

Afirmación

Negación

Interrogación

I had been playing

I had not been playing

Had I been playing?

You had been playing

You had not been playing

Had you been playing?

He had been playing

He had not been playing

Had he been playing?

She had been playing

She had not been playing

Had she have been playing?

It had been playing

It had not been playing

Had it been playing?

We had been playing

We had not been playing

Had we been playing?

They had been playing

They had not been playing

Had they been playing?

 

Usos

• Se usa para hablar de una acción que estaba desarrollándose antes de que comenzara una segunda acción, o hasta un momento determinado en el pasado. También conlleva la idea de una acción que continuó en el pasado sin que se pueda determinar el término de ésta.

They had been travelling for 15 hours.       Ellos habían estado viajando por 15 horas.

I had been playing for three hours when she got up.       Había estado jugando por tres horas cuando ella se levantó.

 

Ejercicio 3

Escribir en los espacios el verbo más apropiado en pasado perfecto continuo:

wait   try   drink   watch   talk   walk   learn   work    smoke   try

 

      1      They had been ......... for two hours before Tom arrived.

      2      When I arrived, Jeff had been ......... for two hours.

      3      He was drunk. He had been ......... all day.

      4      I had been ......... TV for two hours before my mother arrived.

      5      John was tired because he had been ......... all morning.

      6      I hadn’t been ......... all day so I wasn’t tired.

      7      He told the police that he hadn’t been ......... to steal the car.

      8      I could smell cigarettes. Somebody had been ..........

      9      We had been ......... to open the door for five minutes when she found the key.

  10      She had been ......... English for two years before she went to England.

 

FUTURO PERFECTO CONTINUO

 

Tabla de formación.

 

Afirmación

Negación

Interrogación

I will have been playing

I will not have been playing

Will I have been playing?

You will have been playing

You will not have been playing

Will you have been playing?

He will have been playing

He will not have been playing

Will he have been playing?

She will have been playing

She will not have been playing