UNIDAD 49
EXPRESIONES
INDEFINIDAS II
WHATEVER: indica que
no es importante o no hace ninguna diferencia la acción que se realiza o la
cosa de la cual se habla.
Whatever I do, you criticize me.
Cualquier cosa que hago, tú me criticas.
I’ll always love you, whatever happens. Siempre
te amaré no importa lo que pase.
Cualquier cosa, tipo o
cantidad de algo sin un límite preciso.
Take whatever books you need.
Toma cualquier libro que necesites.
Paul is the boss, I do whatever he says. Paul es
el jefe, hago cualquier cosa que él diga.
WHOEVER: cualquier
persona o personas sin importar quién.
Whoever comes will be welcomed.
Quienquiera que venga será bienvenido.
Whoever he is, I don’t want to see him. Quienquiera
que sea, no quiero verlo.
Ejercicio 1
Completar con whatever o whoever según corresponda:
1 You have to do it, .............. the difficulties.
2 .............. she is, I feel sorry for her.
3 .............. problem I have, my father always knows how to solve it.
4 .............. pollutes the environment should pay.
5 You can bring .............. you like to the party.
6 .............. happens, we’ll meet here tonight.
7 Do .............. you want, I don’t care.
8 You can talk to .............. you like.
9 Take .............. you like.
10
In that bar they serve
.............. beer you like.
11
Leave me alone,
.............. you are.
12
.............. game we
play, he always wins.
13
I’ll sell my computer
to .............. wants it.
WHENEVER: en cualquier
momento sin importar cuándo.
Come whenever you
like. Ven en
cualquier momento que quieras.
We can start whenever you’re ready.
Podemos comenzar cuando estés listo.
Indica lo que ocurre
cada vez que se da una determinada situación.
Whenever he has time, he plays golf. Siempre
que él tiene tiempo juega golf.
Whenever I speak in public, I use humour. Siempre
que hablo en público uso el humor.
WHEREVER: en cualquier
lugar sin importar dónde.
We can go wherever you like.
Podemos ir a cualquier parte que quieras.
Wherever you are, you can find support. Dondequiera
que estés puedes encontrar apoyo.
WHICHEVER: cualquiera
sin importar cuál.
You win something, whichever door you choose. Tú ganas
algo no importa cuál puerta elijas.
Whichever store you visit, you’ll find everything you need. No
importa cuál tienda visites, siempre encontrarás lo que necesitas.
Cualquier cosa o
persona dentro de las alternativas posibles.
Stop at whichever shop you prefer.
Para en cualquier tienda que prefieras.
He’s free to choose whichever cake he wants. Él es libre
de elegir cualquier torta que quiera.
Ejercicio 2
Completar con whenever, whichever
o wherever según corresponda:
1 Work .............. you can.
2 .............. I go there, I always meet someone new.
3 I always visit my aunt .............. I’m in Santiago.
4 It’s a long trip .............. road you take.
5 Stay in .............. hotel is the cheapest.
6 .............. I see a black cat, I turn round.
7 I try to relax .............. possible.
8 Either Monday or Friday, choose .............. day is best for you.
9 .............. you need me, I’ll be there.
10
Where should I take
you? To .............. house is nearest.
Ejercicio 3
Completar con whichever o wherever según corresponda:
1 .............. you stay, you will be near public transport.
2 .............. I looked, people were dressed in black.
3 She is recognised .............. she goes.
4 .............. language you speak we can teach you how to use the
internet.
5 .............. bus you take, it will get you to the station.
UNIDAD 50
MUST/COULD/MAY/SHOULD + HAVE + PASADO PARTICIPIO
MUST + HAVE + PASADO
PARTICIPIO: esta estructura permite hacer una deducción acerca de algo que
creemos que ocurrió en el pasado.
Tom must have taken the money.
Tom debe haber tomado el dinero.
He must have bought the ticket already. Él ya
debe haber comprado el boleto.
Ejercicio 1
Unir cada oración con
su más adecuado complemento.
|
1
My car is not in the
garage. |
A
She must have lost
it. |
|
2
I’ve never seen that
radio before. |
B
My husband must have
bought it. |
|
3
I’m so tired. |
C
My neighbour must have
stolen it. |
|
4
She is not wearing
her earring. |
D
That must have been
awful. |
|
5
You saw a couple of
corpses in the street. |
E
I must have walked
about ten miles. |
COULD + HAVE + PASADO
PARTICIPIO: este modelo se emplea para hablar de la posibilidad de que algo ocurriera
en el pasado, pero que en realidad no sucedió.
She could have killed him. Ella podría haberlo
matado.
I could have prepared better for the test. Podría
haberme preparado mejor para el test.
Ejercicio 2
Unir cada oración con
su más adecuado complemento.
|
1
It could have
rained, |
A
the way she wanted. |
|
2
If he had prepared
for the interview, |
B
but fortunately it
didn’t. |
|
3
A lot of children
could have lost |
C
he could have got
the job. |
|
4
She could have lost
six pounds |
D
relatives in the
disaster. |
|
5
I could have loved
her |
E
over the last two
months. |
MAY + HAVE + PASADO
PARTICIPIO: este modelo se emplea para decir que es posible que algo hubiera
ocurrido en el pasado.
He may have discovered something.
Él puede haber descubierto algo.
There are other suspects who may have killed him. Hay otros
sospechosos que pueden haberlo matado.
Ejercicio 3
Unir cada oración con
su más adecuado complemento.
|
1
I may have left |
A
to our disaster. |
|
2
My radio is not
here. |
B
He or she may have
stolen it. |
|
3
She may have taken
an overdose |
C
my glasses in the
restaurant. |
|
4
As you may have
noticed, |
D
we have been very
busy lately. |
|
5
The wind may have
contributed |
E
of her medicine by
accident. |
SHOULD + HAVE + PASADO
PARTICIPIO: expresa la idea de que algo fue necesario o esperado en el pasado
pero que no ocurrió.
You shouldn’t have said that.
No deberías haber dicho eso.
I shouldn’t have spoken to him like that. No
debería haberle hablado así.
Ejercicio 4
Unir cada oración con
su más adecuado complemento.
|
1
I should have phoned
my mother last night, |
A
I should have made a
reservation. |
|
2
We should have
turned right |
B
at the crossroads. |
|
3
I can’t find a hotel
room. |
C
the report by now. |
|
4
You should have
received |
D
but I forgot. |
|
5
I missed my train
this morning. |
E
I should have left
earlier. |