UNIDAD 67
PHRASAL VERBS
Son aquellos formados
por la unión de un verbo y una partícula adverbial o preposicional. Dicha unión
crea un verbo con un significado generalmente distinto de las partes que lo
componen. Se pueden distinguir tres grandes grupos:
1.- Verbos separables:
la partícula puede ir antes o después del objeto, pero si se tiene un pronombre
personal éste debe ir antes de la partícula.
turn on (encender) / turn off
(apagar) / take off (quitarse) / put on (ponerse) / hand in (entregar) / put off
(posponer) / knock down (demoler) / throw away (botar) / look up (buscar en diccionario)
He turned on the radio. Él encendió la radio.
He turned the radio on. Él encendió la radio.
He turned it on. Él la encendió.
Ejercicio 1
Transformar las
siguientes oraciones en las dos opciones posibles de acuerdo al modelo
estudiado:
1 Have you turned off the TV? ..................... .....................
2 She took off her jacket. ..................... .....................
3 I put my hat on. .....................
.....................
4 I handed my essay in yesterday. ..................... .....................
5 We’ll have to put off the party. ..................... .....................
6 They will knock down the building. ..................... .....................
7 You shouldn’t throw those books away. ..................... .....................
8 I must look up that word in a dictionary. ..................... .....................
2.- Verbos separables:
no permiten separar las partículas ya sea que lleven o no objeto.
fall through (fracasar) / come across
(encontrar por casualidad) / look for
(buscar) / get over (recuperarse) / grow up (crecer) / go on (continuar) / take
after (parecerse a) / break up
(separarse) / break into (entrar por
la fuerza en) / get back (volver) / get up (levantarse).
I’m looking for my credit card.
Estoy buscando mi tarjeta de crédito.
Our plans have fallen through.
Nuestros
planes han fracasado.
Ejercicio 2
Completar con el verbo más adecuado en los espacios en blanco.
came across get over
grow up go
on take after
broke up break
into get back
get up look
for
1 I ........ this book in a little store.
2 It was too hard for her to ......... that illness.
3 What do you want to do when you .........?
4 You must .........without me.
5 My brother ......... my grandfather.
6 John and Sarah ......... last week.
7 Five thieves ......... her house last night.
8 She ......... at ten.
9 Will you please .........? It’s almost noon.
10
I’m ......... Anne.
3.- Verbos con dos partículas.
look forward to (esperar con ansia) / stand up
for (defender) / look up to
(respetar) / do away with (deshacerse
de) / put up with (soportar) / keep in with (cultivar la amistad de) / make up for (compensar)
He has always looked up to his father. Él
siempre ha respetado a su padre.
Mr. Johnson will stand up for our family. El Señor
Johnson defenderá nuestra familia.
Ejercicio 3
Completar con el verbo
más adecuado en los espacios en blanco.
do away with keep in with make up for
look forward to put up with
1 I’m ......... to my holiday.
2 There is enough wealth in this country to ......... poverty.
3 She has ......... her noisy neighbours for years.
4 He has to ......... his brother.
5 He must ......... some of the things he’s done.
UNIDAD 68
PREPOSICION + ING
Como regla, cuando un
verbo sigue a una preposición, éste debe estar en la -ing form.
She insisted on taking the train.
Ella insistió en tomar el tren.
We ran ten kilometres without stopping. Corrimos
diez kilómetros sin detenernos.
Ejercicio 1
Colocar el verbo o la
preposición en los espacios en blanco según corresponda:
buy in do be after pay go of learn drive enter
1 I’m thinking of ……. a new car.
2 He’s only interested ......... making money.
3 I’m sorry for ......... late.
4 Excuse me for ......... something so stupid.
5 They left without .........
6 She always puts off ......... to the dentist.
7 We arrived in Paris ....... driving all night.
8 I’m tired ......... cooking.
9 I’m used to ......... by night.
10
Knock before .........
11
Are you interested in
......... English?
ADJETIVOS COMPUESTOS
Resultan de la unión
de un sustantivo, adjetivo o adverbio en el cual el segundo término está en la
forma de participio pasado o presente.
Look at that long-legged fly.
Mira esa mosca de piernas largas.
She was talking to a dark-skinned man. Ella
estaba hablando con un hombre de piel morena.
Ejercicio 2
Completar con la
palabra que corresponda en los espacios en blanco.
sighted haired aged green left slow reaching growing loose sized smelling hitting shaped long
1 My grandmother has short- ……. eyes.
2 The picture on the wall showed a middle- ......... man.
3 Did you see a long- ......... woman there?
4 Do you know that .........-eyed lady?
5
This round-……. bed is
made of wood.
6 My brother is a ……. -handed tennis player.
7 They gave me a medium-…….
T-shirt.
8 My garden is full of sweet-…….
flowers.
9 We were all watching the ……. -moving procession.
10
It’s a hard-……. campaign against drug abuse.
11
This device produces a
far-……. white light.
12
In front of these
tall-……. trees he built his house.
13
This sunscreen
provides .......-lasting protection against UVB rays.
14
Order your …….
-fitting T-shirts today!